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as we near the end of another year it's

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always a good time to gain perspective

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on just how far we've come with Space

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Station Space Station research as well

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as where we're headed Lori Meggs at the

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payload Operations Center at NASA's

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Marshall Space Flight Center is going to

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give us a little bit more information on

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that Lori it's been an exciting and

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record-breaking year for research on the

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International Space Station I recently

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spoke with NASA's chief scientist Ellen

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stofan to get her take on just how

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valuable this orbiting laboratory is it

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really runs the gamut we just took up a

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nurse new earth science instrument

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that's going to be measuring ocean winds

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really critical to be measuring it at

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different times of the day so that we

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can get a much better handle on how the

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ocean interacts with the atmosphere we

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also announced new findings from the

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Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer onboard the

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International Space Station that's doing

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work in cosmology what are the

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fundamental particles that make up the

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universe how do they work is there Dark

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Matter huge basic questions and we're

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addressing them using the International

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Space Station in addition and you know

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it just it gets almost you're you're

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thinking how can how can we be doing so

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much we have experiments that have

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included a 3d printer to start testing

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can we eventually get to a point where

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we can produce parts for the

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International Space Station on the

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International Space Station rather than

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bringing them for Earth we took up

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rodents for the first time since the

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shuttle days and we're going to be using

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these rodents as model systems to better

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understand the effects of microgravity

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on the human system and using those mice

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potentially for drug development things

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that happen to the human body in space

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like bone density loss and muscle

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wasting are things that happen to us as

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we age so can we use the fact that these

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processes occur very rapidly in space to

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develop new treatments that benefit us

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right here on earth so direct benefits

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to the world of science direct benefits

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to human health that's the kind of

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research we do every day up on the

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International Space Station

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as the chief scientist though I'm sure

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you want to see more there's more that

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can be done what do you tell folks about

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that you know that's why this extension

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to 20-24 was so important to me because

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as a researcher you really want to be

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able to say can I come up with the

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theory come up with an experiment send

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it up to the ISS see what my results are

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and tweak my experiment go further go to

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the next step and that's what that

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10-year extension of the ISS has given

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us and so the rodent research I was

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talking about we're just beginning we're

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going to have rodents model system fruit

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fly experiments going up on the ISS that

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are really going to help us start

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addressing questions on how do we send

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humans on that long journey to Mars that

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eight-month journey to Mars eight months

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back time on the Martian surface that a

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lot that's a lot of time out of the

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Earth's protective environment that

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protects us from space radiation so we

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have a lot of research to do on the

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International Space Station over the

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next ten years to really get ready for

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that journey to Mars and we're excited

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about it and the space station is also

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given researchers who may not have ever

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gotten anything in microgravity that

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given them an opportunity it's easier

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now to get on the space station right it

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is easier we're really working at NASA

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to try to make the ISS a researcher

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friendly environment and through our

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efforts as well as cases which is the

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organization that runs on our national

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laboratory on the space station we're

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trying to get new partners not just our

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traditional research crowd but can we

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get pharmaceutical companies can we get

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companies that do materials research can

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they start seeing the benefits of doing

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microgravity research so we really want

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to exploit not just the scientific

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potential of the International Space

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Station but its potential commercial

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uses for getting ready to have a crew

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member on the space station for a year

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and we'll learn things from that that

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will help us in that future deep space

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exploration right the one-year mission

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is something that we've really been

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looking forward to in the human research

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program because there are a lot of

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things that happened again to the human

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body in space from again the muscle

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wasting bone density loss the rise in

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inter-cranial pressure that affects

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vision changes in the immune system our

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crews mostly go out for six months so

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okay what happens after six months to

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those effects Plateau did they lessen do

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they get worse though

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are things we really want to know and so

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by having the two astronauts up there

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for a year Russian astronaut u.s.

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astronaut it's a great opportunity to

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really push that envelope and what we

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understand about the effects of

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microgravity and again critical for this

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much longer trip to Mars the other

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exciting aspect of course of the

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one-year mission is that Scott Kelly was

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going up for a year happens to have a

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twin brother Mark Kelly former astronaut

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who's here on the ground and so not only

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are we going to be doing the one-year

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studies of the long-duration effects

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we're also doing a number of twin

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studies to say okay we've got one in

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space and one on the ground same

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genetics what can we learn from that

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really exciting what do you tell folks

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who say a space station that didn't mean

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anything to me you know I really try to

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focus on this fact that that when we're

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working off the earth we're working for

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the Earth from the rapid scat instrument

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that we just put up to help measure

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ocean winds was which is going to be

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able to allow us to do better weather

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forecasting better understanding of the

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climate that's something that affects us

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directly right here on earth from things

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like again bone density loss okay that's

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what happens to us as we age

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osteoporosis we're looking into

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developing new treatments based on what

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we're doing on the space station so

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while we're not right here on earth

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everything we do is to benefit the earth

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and those technologies that we develop

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are being done right here on earth we

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send them up to space and test them and

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there's huge numbers of spin-offs that

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come from that the benefits of the ISS

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to me are just endless and taking a live

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look into the payload operations

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integration Center the stockings are

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hung on their signs so gently with care

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hoping st. Nicholas soon be here so we

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want to wish everyone happy holidays

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Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year

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from the payload operations integration

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Center and please join us next week next

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Wednesday will have a special 30-minute